Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Cải củ”

Summer radishes mature rapidly, with many varieties germinating in 3–7 days, and reaching maturity in three to four weeks.<ref name="faust1996">Faust, Joan Lee. (1996-03-03.) [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C05E0DB1E39F930A35750C0A960958260 "Hail the Speedy Radish, in All Its Forms."] ''The New York Times'', via nytimes.com archives. Retrieved on 2007-09-27.</ref><ref name="peterson1999">Peterson, Cass. (1999-05-02.) [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEFDE103DF931A35756C0A96F958260 "Radishes: Easy to Sprout, Hard to Grow Right."] ''The New York Times'', via nytimes.com archives. Retrieved on 2007-09-27.</ref> A common garden crop in the U.S., the fast harvest cycle makes them a popular choice for children's gardens.<ref name="faust1996" /> Harvesting periods can be extended through repeated plantings, spaced a week or two apart.<ref name="beattie1938" />

Radishes grow best in full sun<ref name="cornell">[http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scene341b.html Cornell University. Growing Guide: Radishes]</ref> and light, sandy loams with [[pH]] 6.5–7.0.<ref name="dainello2003">Dainello, Frank J. (November 2003.) [http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/extension/vegetable/cropguides/radish.html "Radish Crop Guide"] Texas Cooperative Extension, Horticulture Crop Guides Series</ref> They are in season from April to June and from October to January in most parts of North America; in Europe and Japan they are available year-round due to the plurality of varieties grown.{{Citation needed|date=September 2007}}

As with other root crops, tilling the soil helps the roots grow.<ref name="beattie1938">Beattie, J. H. and W. R. Beattie. (March 1938.) [http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-1562:1 "Production of Radishes."] U.S. Department of Agriculture, leaflet no. 57, via University of North Texas Government Documents A to Z Digitization Project website. Retrieved on 2007-09-27.</ref> However, radishes are used in no-till farming to help reverse compaction.

The seeds of radishes grow in [[silique]]s (widely referred to as "pods"), following flowering that happens when left to grow past their normal harvesting period. The seeds are edible, and are sometimes used as a crunchy, spicy addition to salads.<ref name="peterson1999" /> Some varieties are grown specifically for their seeds or seed pods, rather than their roots. The Rat-tailed radish, an old European variety thought to have come from East Asia centuries ago, has long, thin, curly pods which can exceed {{convert|20|cm|0|abbr=on}} in length. In the 17th century, the pods were often pickled and served with meat.<ref name="peterson1999" /> The München Bier variety supplies spicy seeds that are sometimes served raw as an accompaniment to beer in Germany.<ref>Williams, Sally (2004) [http://www.kitchengardeners.org/rat-tailed_radish.html "With Some Radishes, It's About The Pods"], Kitchen Gardners International. Retrieved on June 21, 2008.</ref>

The most commonly eaten portion is the napiform [[taproot]], although the entire plant is edible and the tops can be used as a [[leaf vegetable]].