Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “LSD”
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{{Dược phẩm
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 629704081
| drug_name = Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
| INN = Lysergide
| IUPAC_name = (6a''R'',9''R'')-''N'',''N''-diethyl-7-methyl-4,6,6a,7,8,9-hexahydroindolo-[4,3-''fg'']quinoline-9-carboxamide
| image = LSD-2D-skeletal-formula-and-3D-models.png
| caption = 2D structural formula and 3D models of LSD
<!--Clinical data-->
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_AU = Schedule 9
| legal_CA = Schedule III
| legal_NZ = Class A
| legal_UK = Class A
| legal_UN = P I
| legal_US = Schedule I
| legal_DE = Anlage I
| addiction_liability = None<ref name="NHM-MDMA">{{cite book |vauthors=Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE |veditors=Sydor A, Brown RY | title = Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience | year = 2009 | publisher = McGraw-Hill Medical | location = New York | isbn = 9780071481274 | page = 375 | edition = 2nd | chapter = Chapter 15: Reinforcement and Addictive Disorders | quote= Several other classes of drugs are categorized as drugs of abuse but rarely produce compulsive use. These include psychedelic agents, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which are used for their ability to produce perceptual distortions at low and moderate doses. The use of these drugs is associated with the rapid development of tolerance and the absence of positive reinforcement (Chapter 6). Partial agonist effects at 5HT2A receptors are implicated in the psychedelic actions of LSD and related hallucinogens. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), commonly called ecstasy, is an amphetamine derivative. It produces a combination of psychostimulant-like and weak LSD-like effects at low doses. Unlike LSD, MDMA is reinforcing—most likely because of its interactions with dopamine systems—and accordingly is subject to compulsive abuse. The weak psychedelic effects of MDMA appear to result from its amphetamine-like actions on the serotonin reuptake transporter, by means of which it causes transporter-dependent serotonin efflux. MDMA has been proven to produce lesions of serotonin neurons in animals and humans.}}</ref>
| dependency_liability = Low<ref>{{cite book|last1=Halpern|first1=John H.|last2=Suzuki|first2=Joji|last3=Huertas,|first3=Pedro E.|last4=Passie|first4=Torsten|editor1-last=Price|editor1-first=Lawrence H.|editor2-last=Stolerman|editor2-first=Ian P.|title=Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology A Springer Live Reference|date=June 7, 2014|publisher=Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg|location=Heidelberg, Germany|isbn=978-3-642-27772-6|pages=1–5|url=http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-642-27772-6_43-2|accessdate=April 24, 2015|quote=Hallucinogen abuse and dependence are known complications resulting from the illicit use of drugs in this category, such as LSD and psilocybin. Users do not experience withdrawal symptoms, but the general criteria for substance abuse and dependence otherwise apply. Dependence is estimated in approximately 2 % of recent-onset users in the United States.}}</ref>
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral administration|Oral]], [[sublingual]], [[intravenous]], [[Human eye|ocular]], [[intramuscular]]
|pronounce ={{IPA|/daɪ eθəl ˈæmaɪd/}}, {{IPA|/æmɪd/}}, or {{IPA|/eɪmaɪd/}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/amide |title=Definition of "amide" |publisher=Collins English Dictionary |date= |accessdate=January 31, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=amide |title=American Heritage Dictionary Entry: amide |publisher=Ahdictionary.com |date= |accessdate=January 31, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/english/amide |title=amide - definition of amide in English from the Oxford dictionary |publisher=Oxforddictionaries.com |date= |accessdate=January 31, 2015}}</ref>
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| metabolism = Hepatic
| elimination_half-life = 3–5 hours<ref name="Aghajanian" /><ref name="Papac" />
| excretion = [[Renal]]
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 50-37-3
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 6605
| PubChem = 5761
| IUPHAR_ligand = 17
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB04829
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 5558
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 8NA5SWF92O
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 263881
| ATC_prefix = none
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=20 | H=25 | N=3 | O=1
| smiles = CCN(CC)C(=O)[C@H]1CN([C@@H]2Cc3c[nH]c4c3c(ccc4)C2=C1)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C20H25N3O/c1-4-23(5-2)20(24)14-9-16-15-7-6-8-17-19(15)13(11-21-17)10-18(16)22(3)12-14/h6-9,11,14,18,21H,4-5,10,12H2,1-3H3/t14-,18-/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N
| synonyms = Acid, LSD, lysergide
| melting_point = 80
| melting_high = 85
}}
'''LSD''' ('''Lysergic acid diethylamide''') là một [[Psychedelic drug|thuốc ảo giác]] mạnh với các tác động tâm lý đến sự nhận biết với môi trường xung quanh, nhận thức, cảm nhận cũng như mang lại [[sự ảo giác|ảo giác]] (hallucination). <ref name=NIH2016>{{cite web|title=What are hallucinogens?|url=https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/hallucinogens|website=National Institute of Drug Abuse|accessdate=April 24, 2016|date=January 2016}}</ref> Nhiều quốc gia xem LSD là một chất gây nghiện và bị cấm lưu hành.
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