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Hiện nay, do hệ quả của [[toàn cầu hóa]] bắt đầu xuất hiện hình thức hợp tác của nhiều think tank ở các nước khác nhau .
== CriticismChỉ trích ==
== Các tăngthink duytank trong lịch sử Việt Nam == ▼In some cases, corporate interests have found it useful to create "think tanks." For example, [[The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition]] was formed in the mid 1990s to dispute research finding a link between second-hand smoke and cancer.<ref>http://www.tobaccoscam.ucsf.edu/pdf/9.6-Ong%26Glantz-JunkScience.pdf</ref> According to an internal memo from Philip Morris, "the credibility of the EPA [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|[Environmental Protection Agency]]] is defeatable, but not on the basis of ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) alone. It must be part of a larger mosaic that concentrates all the EPA's enemies against it at one time."<ref>[http://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/2000Q3/junkman.html How Big Tobacco Helped Create "the Junkman" | Center for Media and Democracy<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
According to [[NGO]] Fair.org, right-wing think tanks are often quoted, and rarely labeled. The result is that sometimes think tank "experts" are depicted as neutral sources without any ideological predispositions when in fact they represent a particular perspective. <ref> http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=1425, http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=3322 </ref>
[[SourceWatch]] states that given that think tanks can obtain funding from the private sector, it is expected that in general right-wing think tanks may receive more funding than left-wing think tanks. <ref> http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Think_tanks </ref>
▲== Các tăng duy trong lịch sử Việt Nam ==
== Tăng duy ở các nước ==
=== Hoa Kì ===
Think tanks in the [[United States]] form both foreign and domestic policy. Think tanks in the United States generally receive funding from private donors, and members of private organizations. Think tanks may feel more free to propose and debate controversial ideas than people within government. The media watchgroup [[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]] (FAIR) has identified the top 25 think tanks by media citations, noting that from 2006 to 2007 the number of citations declined 17%.<ref>FAIR. [http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=3322 The Incredible Shrinking Think Tank].</ref> The FAIR report reveals the ideological breakdown of the citations: 37% conservative, 47% centrist, and 16% liberal. Their data show that the most-cited think tank was the [[Brookings Institution]], followed by the [[Council on Foreign Relations]], the [[American Enterprise Institute]], the [[Heritage Foundation]], and the [[Center for Strategic and International Studies]].
Government think tanks are also important in the United States, particularly in the security and defense field. These include the [[Institute for National Strategic Studies]], Institute for Homeland Security Studies, and the Center for Technology and National Security Policy, at the [[National Defense University]]; the Center for Naval Warfare Studies at the [[Naval War College]] and the [[Strategic Studies Institute]] at the [[U.S. Army War College]].
The government funds, wholly or in part, activities at approximately 30 [[Federally Funded Research and Development Centers]] (FFRDCs). FFRDCs, are unique independent nonprofit entities sponsored and funded by the U.S. government to meet specific long-term technical needs that cannot be met by any other single organization. FFRDCs typically assist government agencies with scientific research and analysis, systems development, and systems acquisition. They bring together the expertise and outlook of government, industry, and academia to solve complex technical problems. These FFRDCs include the [[RAND Corporation]], the [[MITRE Corporation]], the [[Institute for Defense Analyses]], the [[Aerospace Corporation]], the [[MIT Lincoln Laboratory]], and other organizations supporting various departments within the U.S. Government.
Similar to the above quasi-governmental organizations are [[Federal Advisory Committee Act|Federal Advisory Committees]]. These groups, sometimes referred to as commissions, are a form of think tank dedicated to advising the US Presidents or the Executive branch of government. They typically focus on a specific issue and as such, might be considered similar to special interest groups. However, unlike special interest groups these committees have come under some oversight regulation and are required to make formal records available to the public. Approximately 1,000 these advisory committees are described in the FACA [http://fido.gov/facadatabase/search.asp searchable database].
=== Trung Quốc ===
In the [[People's Republic of China]] a number of think tanks are sponsored by governmental agencies but still retain sufficient non-official status to be able to propose and debate ideas more freely. Indeed, most of the actual [[diplomacy]] between [[China]] and the [[United States]] has taken the form of academic exchanges between members of think tanks. {{Citation needed|date=December 2008}}
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== Tham khảo ==
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