Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Vlaanderen”

* Belgian provinces of [[West Flanders]] and [[East Flanders]],

* French regions [[French Flanders]] in the [[Department (administrative division)|''départment'']] [[Nord-Pas de Calais]] and extending into neighboring ''départments'',

* Dutch region [[Zeelandic Flanders]] (''Zeeuws-Vlaanderen'') in the province of [[Zeeland]]

Subsequently, Philip II sent [[Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba|the Duke of Alba]] to the Provinces to repress the revolt. Alba recaptured the southern part of the Provinces, who signed the Union of Atrecht, which meant that they would accept the Spanish government on condition of more freedom. But the northern part of the provinces signed the Union of Utrecht and settled in 1581 the [[Republic of the Seven United Netherlands]]. Spanish troops quickly started fighting the rebels, but before the revolt could be completely defeated, a war between [[England]] and [[Spain]] had broken out, forcing Philip's Spanish troops to halt their advance. Meanwhile, the Spanish armies had already conquered the important trading cities of Bruges and Ghent. Antwerp, which was then arguably the most important port in the world, also had to be conquered. On August 17, 1585, Antwerp fell. This ended the Eighty Years' War for the (from now on) [[Southern Netherlands]]. The [[Dutch Republic|United Provinces]] (the Northern Netherlands) fought on until 1648 –– the [[Peace of Westphalia]].

[[FileTập tin:Quad Flandria.jpg|thumb|1609 map of the county of Flanders]]

[[FileTập tin:VlaanderenProvincies.png|right|Provinces of Flanders]]

nearly flat region (2 to 150 m/6–4926–492 ft altitude above sea-level) ...

The climate is maritime [[temperate]], with significant precipitation in all seasons ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Cfb''; the average temperature is 3 °C (37  °F) in January, and 21 °[[Celsius|C]] (69.8 °[[Fahrenheit|F]]) in July; the average precipitation is 65 millimetres (2.6 in) in January, and 78 millimetres (3.1 in) in July).

Flanders was one of the first continental European areas to undergo the [[Industrial Revolution]], in the 19th century. Initially, the modernization relied heavily on food processing and textile. However, by the 1840s the textile industry of Flanders was in severe crisis and there was famine in Flanders (1846–501846–50). After World War II, [[Antwerp]] and [[Ghent]] experienced a fast expansion of the [[chemical]] and [[petroleum]] industries. Flanders also attracted a large majority of foreign investments in Belgium, among others thanks to its well-educated and industrious labour force.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} The [[1973 oil crisis|1973]] and [[1979 oil crisis|1979 oil crises]] sent the economy into a recession. The steel industry remained in relatively good shape. In the 1980s and 90s, the economic centre of Belgium continued to shift further to Flanders. Nowadays, the Flemish economy is mainly service-oriented, although its diverse industry remains a crucial force.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} Flemish productivity per capita is between 20 and 25% higher than that in [[Wallonia]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}}

Education is compulsory from the ages of six to 18, but most [[Flemings]] continue to study until around 23. Among the [[OECD]] countries in 1999, Flanders had the third-highest proportion of 18&ndash;2118–21-year-olds enrolled in [[postsecondary education]]. Flanders also scores very high in international comparative studies on education. Its secondary school students consistently rank among the top three for mathematics and science. However, the success is not evenly spread: ethnic minority youth score consistently lower, and the difference is larger than in most comparable countries.<ref name=Note_Nationality-Minority-Education/>

Mirroring the historical political conflicts between the freethought and Catholic segments of the population, the Flemish educational system is split into a ''laïque'' branch controlled by the communities, the provinces, or the municipalities, and a [[subsidy|subsidised]] religious&mdash;mostlyreligious—mostly Catholic—branch controlled by both the communities and the religious authorities&mdash;usuallyauthorities—usually the [[diocese]]s. It should however be noted that&mdash;atthat—at least for the [[Catholic school]]s&mdash;thes—the religious authorities have very limited power over these schools. Smaller school systems follow 'methodical pedagogies' ([[Waldorf education|Steiner]], [[Montessori]], [[Freinet]], ...) or serve the Jewish and Protestant minorities. During the school year 2003-2004, 68.30% of the total population of children between the ages of six and 18 went to subsidized private schools (both religious schools or 'methodical pedagogies' schools).

<br />

''Gij zegt dat ‘t vlaamsch te niet zal gaan:''<br />

''‘t en zal!''<!--Maintain dialect here, for Standard Dutch "'t Zal niet"--><br />

''dat ‘t waalsch gezwets zal boven slaan:''<br />

''‘t en zal!''<br />

''Dat hopen, dat begeren wij:''<br />

''dat zeggen en dat zweren wij:''<br />

''zoo lange als wij ons weren, wij:''<br />

''‘t en zal, ‘t en zal,''<br />

''‘t en zal!''<br />

--> each 'next' edit comment]</span><br />

''Thou sayst Flemish will fade away:''<br />

''It shan't!''<br />

(or "Walloon prattle", or dialect "Walloon twattle"). --><br />

''It shan't!''<br />

''This we hope, for this we hanker:''<br />

''this we say and to this we vow:''<br />

''as long as we fight back, we:''<br />

''It shan't, It shan't,''<br />

''It shan't!''<br />

[[CategoryThể loại:Flanders| ]]

[[CategoryThể loại:Divided regions]]

[[be:Фландрыя, гістарычная вобласць]]