Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Hỏa thương”

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[[File:梨花鎗.jpg|thumb|Một hỏa thương được mô tả trong ''[[Hỏa Long Kinh]]''.]]
'''Hỏa thương''' ({{zh|t=火槍|s=火枪|p=huǒ qiāng}}) là một từ ban đầu chỉ vũ khí thuốc súng xuất hiện ở Trung Quốc thế kỷ thứ 10 trong chiến tranh Kim-Tống. Nó bắt đầu như một thiết bị pháo hoa nhỏ gắn với vũ khí khác như một cây thương chẳng hạn, được sử dụng để đạt được lợi thế áp đảo ngay khi bắt đầu cận chiến.{{sfn|Andrade|2016|p=38}} Khi thuốc súng được cải thiện, lượng chất nổ được tăng lên, và các mảnh vụn hoặc đạn viên được thêm vào, mang lại cho nó một số hiệu ứng của súng phun lửa và súng ngắn kết hợp, nhưng chúng có tầm bắn rất ngắn (3 mét trở xuống), và chỉ một phát (một số được thiết kế cho hai phát). Trong việc sử dụng hỏa lực lớn hơn và mạnh hơn sau đó của hỏa thương, việc dùng thương đã bị loại bỏ, vì các phiên bản đầu tiên này quá khó sử dụng trong cận chiến. Chúng trở thành súng ngắn, tiền thân của súng thần công và là tổ tiên của tất cả các loại súng.{{sfn|Andrade|2016|p=33}} Hỏa thương quá lớn đối với một người lính duy nhất có thể nắm giữ nên chúng được đặt trên mặt đất trong một khung đỡ; vì vậy chúng có thể được coi là một khẩu súng thần công.
 
==Xem thêm==
*[[Hỏa Long Kinh]]
*[[Khoa học và kỹ thuật thời Tống]]
 
==Chú thích==
{{tham khảo}}
 
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== Liên kết ngoài ==
* [http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_firelance.html Little Bit of Info on the Fire Lance]
* Medieval Chinese Armies, 1260-1520 (Men-at-arms S.) by Chris J. Peers. {{ISBN|1-85532-599-3}}
* [http://www.grandhistorian.com/chinesesiegewarfare/index-english12122007.html Chinese Siege Warfare: Mechanical Artillery & Siege Weapons of Antiquity]