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=== El Salvador ===
==== 1932Thảm Salvadoransát peasantnông massacredân El Salvador 1932 ====
InNăm 1932, amột communist-ledcuộc insurrectionnổi againstdậy thedo governmentnhững ofngười cộng sản lãnh đạo chống lại chính phủ độc tài [[Maximiliano Hernández Martínez]] wasđã brutallybị suppressedđàn áp dã man, resultingdẫn inđến thecái deathchết ofcủa 30,.000 peasantsnông dân.<ref>''Cold War's Last Battlefield, The: Reagan, the Soviets, and Central America'' by Edward A. Lynch State University of New York Press 2011, p. 49.</ref>
==== SalvadoranNội Civilchiến WarEl Salvador ====
{{See also|El Mozote massacre}}
The [[SalvadoranNội Civilchiến WarEl Salvador]] (1979–19921979 - 1992) waslà amột conflictcuộc betweenxung theđột [[military]]-ledgiữa governmentchính ofphủ quân phiệt [[El Salvador]] andvà aliên coalitionminh ofgồm fivenăm left-wingtổ guerrillachức organizationsdu thatkích wascánh knowntả collectivelyđược asgọi thechung là [[FarabundoMặt Martítrận Nationalgiải Liberationphóng Frontdân tộc Farabundo Martí]] (FMLN). AMột coupcuộc onđảo chính vào ngày 15 Octobertháng 197910 lednăm to1979 theđã killingsdẫn ofđến anti-coupviệc protestersgiết bychết thenhững governmentngười asbiểu welltình asbởi anti-disordercác đội protestersquân bycủa thechính guerrillasphủ andvà itnó isđược widelycoi seenlà asđiểm thebùng tippingphát pointtrong towardcuộc civilnội warchiến.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wood|first=Elizabeth|title=Insurgent Collective Action and Civil War in El Salvador|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge}}</ref>
TheCuộc full-fledgednội civilchiến wartoàn lasteddiện forkéo moredài thanhơn 12 yearsnăm andvà chứng kiến bạo lực sawcực extremeđoan violencetừ fromcả bothhai sidesphía. ItNó alsocũng includedbao thegồm deliberateviệc terrorizingcố andtình targetingkhủng ofbố civiliansvà bynhắm mục tiêu vào dân thường bởi các [[ deathđội squadstử thần]], thetuyển recruitment ofdụng [[ childbinh lính trẻ soldiersem]] andvà othercác violationsvi ofphạm khác về [[ humannhân rightsquyền]], mostlychủ yếu là của quân byđội thechính militaryphủ.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Larsen|first=Neil|editor-first=Greg & Gilbert|editor-last=Grandin & Joseph|encyclopedia=A Century of Revolution|title=Thoughts on Violence and Modernity in Latin America|year=2010|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham and London|isbn=|pages=381–393}}</ref> AnMột unknownsố numberlượng ofngười peoplekhông xác định đã " disappearedbiến mất" duringtrong thecuộc conflictxung andđột thevà UnitedLiên NationsHợp reportsQuốc thatbáo morecáo thanrằng hơn 75 ,.000 werengười đã thiệt killedmạng.<ref>[http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/salvador/informes/truth.html "Report of the UN Truth Commission on El Salvador"] United Nations, 1 April 1993</ref> The United States contributed to the conflict by providing large amounts of military aid to the government of El Salvador during the [[Presidency of Jimmy Carter|Carter]]<ref>[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, El Salvador, In Depth: Negotiating a settlement to the conflict, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=51®ionSelect=4-Central_Americas#, "While nothing of the aid delivered from the US in 1979 was earmarked for security purposes the 1980 aid for security only summed US$6,2 million, close to two-thirds of the total aid in 1979", viewed on 24 May 2013</ref> and [[Presidency of Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] administrations. ▼By January 1980, the left-wing political organizations united to form the Coordinated Revolutionaries of the Masses (CRM). A few months later, the left-wing armed groups united to form the Unified Revolutionary Directorate (DRU). It was renamed the FMLN<ref name="ucdp.uu.se">[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, El Salvador, In Depth: Negotiating a settlement to the conflict, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=51®ionSelect=4-Central_Americas#, viewed on 24 May 2013</ref> following its merger with the [[Communist Party of El Salvador|Communist Party]] in October 1980.
▲The full-fledged civil war lasted for more than 12 years and saw extreme violence from both sides. It also included the deliberate terrorizing and targeting of civilians by [[death squads]], the recruitment of [[child soldiers]] and other violations of [[human rights]], mostly by the military.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Larsen|first=Neil|editor-first=Greg & Gilbert|editor-last=Grandin & Joseph|encyclopedia=A Century of Revolution|title=Thoughts on Violence and Modernity in Latin America|year=2010|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham and London|isbn=|pages=381–393}}</ref> An unknown number of people "disappeared" during the conflict and the United Nations reports that more than 75,000 were killed.<ref>[http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/salvador/informes/truth.html "Report of the UN Truth Commission on El Salvador"] United Nations, 1 April 1993</ref> The United States contributed to the conflict by providing large amounts of military aid to the government of El Salvador during the [[Presidency of Jimmy Carter|Carter]]<ref>[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, El Salvador, In Depth: Negotiating a settlement to the conflict, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=51®ionSelect=4-Central_Americas#, "While nothing of the aid delivered from the US in 1979 was earmarked for security purposes the 1980 aid for security only summed US$6,2 million, close to two-thirds of the total aid in 1979", viewed on 24 May 2013</ref> and [[Presidency of Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] administrations.
=== Guatemala ===
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