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Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Thời kỳ Lệnh Hòa”

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Chính phủ Nhật Bản công bố niên hiệu mới trong buổi họp báo được trực tiếp truyền hình, khi [[Chánh Văn phòng Nội các]] [[Suga Yoshihide]] như thông lệ giơ cao niên hiệu mới bằng [[kanji|chữ Hán]].<ref name="bbc-2019-04-01">{{cite web |title=Japan reveals name of new imperial era will be 'Reiwa' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-47769566 |publisher=[[BBC]] |accessdate=1 April 2019 |date=1 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="wp-2019-04-01">{{cite web |last1=Yamaguchi |first1=Mari |title=Japan says name for new era of Naruhito will be ‘Reiwa’ |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/japan-says-name-for-new-era-of-naruhito-will-be-reiwa/2019/03/31/b5fc4b92-542b-11e9-aa83-504f086bf5d6_story.html?utm_term=.3120f65f375a |publisher=[[The Washington Post]] |accessdate=1 April 2019 |date=1 April 2019}}</ref> Thủ tướng [[Abe Shinzō]] nói rằng ''Lệnh Hòa'' thể hiện ý tưởng "văn hóa được khai sinh và nuôi dưỡng bởi những người đến với nhau một cách nhân văn."<ref name="kyodo-news" />
 
===Xuất xứ và Ý nghĩa===
 
[[File:Minabe-Bairin_Minabe_Wakayama16bs2400.jpg|thumb|right|Plum blossoms in [[Minabe]], [[Wakayama Prefecture|Wakayama]].]]<!-- CAN WE GET A BETTER PICTURE!? The poems were apparently written at or near the Dazaifu, which later became the exile destination of Michizane and the site of one of the largest Tenjin shrines, so presumably the place is still famous for its plum blossoms. -->
 
The [[kanji]] characters for ''Reiwa'' are derived from the ''[[Man'yōshū]]'', an eighth-century ([[Nara period]]) anthology of ''[[waka (poetry)|waka]]'' poetry. The [[kotobagaki|headnote]] attached to a group of 32 poems (815–846) in Volume 5 of the collection, composed on the occasion of a poetic gathering to view the [[plum blossoms]], reads as follows:{{citation needed|reason=This is "true", and is therefore vastly superior to the popular mass media interpretations that have emerged in the day or so since the announcement was made and REPEATEDLY inserted here, but it needs a citation. Several Japanese-language RSes have included this information in part or in full, so a citation should be forthcoming. DO NOT rewrite this based on some bogus interpretation of an English or Spanish popular media source; pedantic self-tagging is not an excuse to reinsert inaccurate information gleaned from unreliable sources (and yes, the BBC and other western popular media are unreliable when it comes to Japanese classical literature; Japanese popular media are mildly preferable since their target audience generally at least has heard of the Man'yōshū).|date=April 2019}}
 
{{Quote|Original [[Kanbun]] text:
 
{{lang|ja|于時、初春'''令'''月、氣淑風'''和'''、梅披鏡前之粉、蘭薫珮後之香。}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://miko.org/~uraki/kuon/furu/text/waka/manyou/mana.htm|title=<span lang="ja">真字萬葉集卷第五雜歌0815</span>|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=|quote=<span lang="ja">天平二年正月十三日，萃于帥老大伴旅人之宅，申宴會也。于時，初春令月，氣淑風和。梅披鏡前之粉，蘭薰珮後之香。加以，曙嶺移雲，松掛羅而傾蓋，夕岫結霧，鳥封穀而迷林。庭舞新蝶，空歸故鴈。於是，蓋天坐地，促膝飛觴。忘言一室之裏，開衿煙霞之外。淡然自放，快然自足。若非翰苑，何以攄情。請紀落梅之篇，古今夫何異矣。宜賦園梅，聊成短詠。</span>}}</ref>}}
 
{{Quote|Classical Japanese translation (''[[kanbun|kanbun kundoku]]''):
 
{{lang|ja|{{Ruby|時|toki}}{{Ruby|に|ni}}、{{Ruby|初|sho}}{{Ruby|春|shun}}{{Ruby|の|no}}{{Ruby|'''令'''|rei}}{{Ruby|月|getsu}}{{Ruby|に|ni}}{{Ruby|し|shi}}{{Ruby|て|te}}、{{Ruby|気|ki}}{{Ruby|淑|yo}}{{Ruby|く|ku}}{{Ruby|風|kaze}}{{Ruby|'''和'''|yawara}}{{Ruby|ぎ|gi}}、{{Ruby|梅|ume}}{{Ruby|は|wa}}{{Ruby|鏡|kyō}}{{Ruby|前|zen}}{{Ruby|の|no}}{{Ruby|粉|ko}}{{Ruby|を|o}}{{Ruby|披|hira}}{{Ruby|き|ki}}、{{Ruby|蘭|ran}}{{Ruby|は|wa}}{{Ruby|珮|hai}}{{Ruby|後|go}}{{Ruby|の|no}}{{Ruby|香|kō}}{{Ruby|を|o}}{{Ruby|薫|kaora}}{{Ruby|す|su}}。}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO43167240R00C19A4000000/|title=<span lang="ja">新元号「令和」　首相談話「花を大きく咲かせたい」</span>|last=|first=|date=2019-04-01|work=Nikkei|language=ja|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref>}}
 
{{Quote|Approximate English translation:
 
It was in new spring, in a '''fine ("Rei")''' month,<br/>
 
When the weather was fair and the wind a '''gentle ("wa")''' breeze.<br/>
 
Plum flowers blossomed a beauty's charming white<br/>
 
And the fragrance of the orchids was their sweet perfume.}}
 
<!-- THE FOLLOWING IS CURRENTLY (AS OF APRIL 3) MARKED AS A "Provisional translation" OF ABE'S SPEECH, NOT SPECIFICALLY OF THIS PASSAGE, AND THE TRANSLATION OF THE SPEECH ACTUALLY ERRS BY TRANSLATING "日本最古の歌集" AS "Japan’s oldest poetry anthology". BETTER WAIT UNTIL THE FINAL TRANSLATION IS PUBLISHED BEFORE QUOTING IT. (ALTHOUGH IT COULD BE ARGUED THAT WE SHOULDN'T BE TREATING A TRANSLATION OF A PORTION OF ABE'S SPEECH AS A TRANSLATION OF THE MYS PASSAGE.)
 
{{Quote|Cabinet Secretariat official translation:
 
In this '''auspicious ("Rei")''' month of early spring,<br/>
 
the weather is fine and the wind '''gentle ("wa")'''.<br/>
 
The plum blossoms open like powder before a mirror,<br/>
 
while the orchids give off the sweet scent of a sachet.<ref>{{cite web |title=On the New Era Name "Reiwa" (Speeches and Statements by the Prime Minister) {{!}} Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet |url=https://japan.kantei.go.jp/98_abe/statement/201904/_00001.html |website=japan.kantei.go.jp |accessdate=1 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>}}
 
-->
 
The [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)|Japanese Foreign Ministry]] translated ''Reiwa'' as "beautiful harmony" in order to dispel erroneous reports that the meaning of "Rei" is "command" or "order", although "that rendition of Reiwa fails to reflect the original context in which the kanji rei was used in ''Man'yōshū''... from which the new gengō was drawn".<ref>{{cite web |title=Japan assures world that Reiwa is all about 'beautiful harmony' and has nothing to do with 'command' |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/04/03/national/japan-assures-world-reiwa-beautiful-harmony-nothing-command/#.XKS6mZgzYlg |work=The Japan Times |date=April 3, 2019}}</ref>
 
== Lịch sử và ý nghĩa niên hiệu ==
Lấy từ “https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thời_kỳ_Lệnh_Hòa”