Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Phó tiến sĩ”

 

The dissertation is presented in accredited educational or scientific institutions before a '''[[Higher Attestation Commission]]''' or '''VAK''' ({{lang-ru|высшая аттестационная комиссия, ВАК}}). The USSR-wide organization was called the "Higher Attestation Commission under the USSR Council of Ministers"; every [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union Soviet republic] had its own VAK. The seeker of the degree must have an official "research supervisor" ({{lang-ru|научный руководитель}}). The presentation is literally called "defense of dissertation" in Russian. The dissertation must be delivered together with official references of several reviewers, called "opponents" ({{lang-ru|оппоненты}}). In a procedure called the "defense of the dissertation" the dissertation is summarized before the Commission, followed by speeches by the opponents or the reading of their references.