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[[Archimedes]] đã mô tả các máy bơm đầu tiên vào thế kỷ thứ 3 trước Công nguyên được biết đến như là Bơm trục vít của Archimedes.Bơm hoạt động bằng cách dùng cơ năng để đẩy môi chất, hoặc là nâng cao lên hoặc nén lại.
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==Types==
[[Tập tin:Rotary_piston_pump.svg|nhỏ|trái|150px|A two-lobe pump (multiple rotor, positive displacement type)]]
[[Tập tin:Pump-tah.jpg|nhỏ|phải|150px|Hand-operated, reciprocating, positive displacement, water pump in [[Košice]]-[[Ťahanovce]], [[Slovakia]] (walking beam pump).]]
Pumps fall into two major groups: rotodynamic pumps and positive displacement pumps. Their names describe the method for moving a fluid, such as water.
===Rotodynamic pumps===
Rotodynamic pumps are rotary machines. They cause a fluid to move by transferring the [[kinetic energy|kinetic (rotational) energy]] from a motor, through an impeller, propeller or rotor, into fluid pressure (potential energy). Rotodynamic pumps are divided into three types: [[centrifugal pump|centrifugal pumps]], peripheral pumps and special pumps.
Peripheral pumps give energy to the fluid via a vane wheel impeller. Peripheral pumps can be single stage or multistage. They are also called side-channel pumps or regenerative turbine pumps.
Special types of pumps includes jet pumps, gas lift pumps and electromagnetic pumps. A [[eductor-jet pump]] is special type of pump without moving parts that uses the kinetic energy of a fluid in a [[venturi]] to suction a second fluid.
A steam [[siphon]] uses the kinetic energy of steam to suction a liquid.
===Positive displacement pumps===
A positive displacement pump causes a fluid to move by trapping a fixed volume of water and then forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe. Positive displacement pumps can be further classified as either rotary-type (for example the [[rotary vane pump]]) or reciprocating-type (for example the [[diaphragm pump]]).
==Application==
[[Tập tin:Dosierpumpe.gif|nhỏ|180px|metering pump f.e. gasoline, additives]]
Pumps are used throughout society for a variety of purposes. Early applications includes the use of the [[windmill]] or [[watermill]] to pump water. Today, the pump is used for irrigation, [[plumbing|water supply]], gasoline supply, [[air conditioning]] systems, [[refrigeration]] (usually called a compressor), chemical movement, [[sewage]] movement, flood control, marine services, etc.
Because of the wide variety of applications, pumps have a plethora of shapes and sizes: from very large to very small, from handling gas to handling liquid, from high pressure to low pressure, and from high volume to low volume.
==Power source==
[[Tập tin:Gemaal.JPG|nhỏ|phải|200px|19th century Dutch diesel pump in [[Rijswijk]], [[Netherlands]]]]
[[Tập tin:CentralHeatingPump.JPG|nhỏ|phải|200px|Domestic Central Heating Pump]]
Pumps may be powered by an [[internal combustion engine]], [[electric motor]], manually (as with the [[hand pump]] used for pumping [[groundwater]], called [[walking beam pump]]), or by [[wind power]] (common for [[irrigation]]). [[Solar power]] has been used to power an electric motor, for remote locations.[http://www.solco.com.au/]
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== Xem thêm ==
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* [[Airlift pump]]
* [[Beam pump]] and [[walking beam pump]]
* [[Bicycle pump]]
* [[Boiler feedwater pump]]
* [[Breast pump]]
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* [[Bơm ly tâm]]
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* [[Chain pumps]]
* [[Circulator pump]]
* [[Concrete pump]]
* [[Condensate pump]]
* [[Compressors]]
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* [[Máy nén khí]]
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* [[Cyclic pump]]
* [[Eductor-jet pump]]
* [[Electropump]]
* [[Fire pump]] and [[Jockey pump]]
* [[Hand pump]]
* [[Metering pump]]
* [[Peristaltic pump]]
* [[Progressive cavity pump]] (also known as; progressing cavity, eccentric screw or Mono pump)
* [[Pumping station]]
* [[Pumpjack]] (oil pump)
* [[Rope pump]]
* [[Roundabout PlayPump]]
* [[Self-Priming Pump]]
* [[Tesla turbine]]
* [[Turbopump]]
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* [[Bơm chân không]]
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* [[Well water]] pump
* [[Wind pump]]
==ĐọcTham thêmkhảo==
* Australian Pump Manufacturers' Association. ''Australian Pump Technical Handbook'', 3rd edition,. 1987,Canberra: ''Australian Pump Manufacturers' AssocationAssociation, Ltd''1987. ISBN 0731670434.
* Hicks, Tyler G. and Theodore W. Edwards. ''Pump Application Engineering''. McGraw-Hill Book Company.1971. ISBN 07-028741-4
* Robbins, L. B. [http://books.google.com/books?id=7igDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA83 "Homemade Water Pressure Systems"]. ''[[Popular Science]]'', February 1919, pages 83–84. Article about how a homeowner can easily build a pressurized home water system that does not use electricity.
==Liên kết ngoài==
*[http://www.thomas-magnete.com/produkte/automobiltechnik/fr_automobil_p/frdosier_gb.html Flash Animation metering pump -> push the start button!]
* [http://www.pumpschool.com www.pumpschool.com]—Pump education devoted primarily to rotary positive displacement pumps
*[http://www.mekanizmalar.com/roots2.html Flash Animation of two lobe Roots Pump]
* [http://www.mekanizmalaressex-family-history.comco.uk/roots3parishpump.htmlhtm FlashParish AnimationPumps of threeEastern Essex lobein Rootsthe PumpUK]
* [http://www.enggcyclopedia.com/welcome-to-enggcyclopedia/fluid-dynamics/calculationspumps_sizing_calculator Pump sizing calculator] Calculate nPSHA, suction, discharge, differential pressure and power required for any pumping system.
*[http://people.freenet.de/mwo/es_7002.html Exzenterschnecken-Motoren/Pumpen (eccentric screw pumps)]
*[http://www.animatedsoftware.com/pumpglos/pumpglos.htm The Internet Glossary of Pumps]
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{{Sơ khai}}
[[Thể loại:Máy bơm|*]]
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