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Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Đường sắt khổ hẹp”

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Một '''đường sắt khổ hẹp''' là một tuyến [[đường sắt]] có [[khổ đường]] hẹp hơn khổ của các tuyến đường sắt [[khổ đường tiêu chuẩn|khổ tiêu chuẩn]]. Đa số các tuyến đường sắt khổ hẹp hiện tại có các khổ đường trong khoảng {{RailGauge|42}} và {{RailGauge|36}}.
{{rail gauge}}
Hàng 324 ⟶ 318:
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==== Romania ====
{{main|Vận tải đường sắt tại Romania}}
[[Image:Mocanita.JPG|thumb|left|Vasar Valley Mocăniţă ''Mariuţa'']]
Romanian narrow-gauge tracks usually use a {{RailGauge|760mm}} gauge, though there were also some {{RailGauge|700mm}} gauge locomotives manufactured at Reşita<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.enzia.com/Pages/Railpg8.html | year = 2001 | accessdate = 2007-11-20 | title = List of Narrow Gauge Steam Locomotives in Romania}}</ref>. Several old narrow-gauge railways in [[Romania]] are being renovated for tourist purposes: the one in the [[Vaser River|Vaser Valley]] ([[Maramureş County]]) is now well known, the line from Abrud to Campeni is sporadically operating and other renovation projects have made tentative steps and may commence regular operations in the near future, such as the [[Sibiu-Agnita railway]]<ref>[http://www.sibiuagnitarailway.com Sibiu-Agnita railway]</ref>, which has been declared as a historical monument and is now starting to be restored by volunteers. More information can be found under "[[mocăniţă]]", the term by which such railways are often called in [[Romanian language|Romanian]].
 
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==== Russia ====
{{Main|Vận tải đường sắt tại Russia}}
In Russia, narrow gauge is most often {{RailGauge|750mm}} or {{RailGauge|1m}}. {{RailGauge|42}} gauge is found only in the southern part of [[Sakhalin]], where railways were built by the Japanese. [http://narrow.parovoz.com/ A complete list of Russian and other ex-Soviet Narrow Gauge railways.]
 
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==== Slovakia ====
{{Main|Vận tải đường sắt tại Slovakia}}
[[Image:CHZ stanica1.jpg|thumb|left|Čierny Hron Railway at the station in [[Čierny Balog]]]]
Bratislava municipal transport system uses {{RailGauge|1m}} gauge for trams, while [[Košice]] transport system uses standard gauge {{RailGauge|sg}}. Railways, however use standard gauge {{RailGauge|sg}} making Bratislava tram and railways networks incompatible with each other. There is a discussion regarding transforming [[Bratislava]]'s tram gauge to standard gauge to allow trams to use the railways tracks to increase transportation capabilities of Bratislava's [[public transportation system]]. The most notable tourist lines in operation are the {{RailGauge|760mm}} gauge [[Čierny Hron Railway|Čiernohronská železnica]] and [[The Historical Logging Back Swath Railway, Vychylovka|Oravsko-kysucká lesná železnica - Vychylovka]].
Another notable narrow gauge tracks include: the [[Štrbské Pleso - Štrba rack railway]] and the [[Tatra Electric Railway]] (both {{RailGauge|1m}} gauge) in the [[Tatra mountains]] and the {{RailGauge|760mm}} gauge railway from [[Trenčianska Teplá]] to [[Trenčianske Teplice]].
 
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==== Slovenia ====
{{Main|Vận tải đường sắt tại Slovenia}}
[[Image:Parenzana locomotive.jpg|thumb|150px|A steam locomotive of the Parenzana]]
The narrow gauge railway line was build in the valley of Dravinja, connecting [[Poljčane]] - [[Slovenske Konjice]] - [[Zreče]] (dismantled 1962).<br />
In formerly Italian[[Istria]], narrow gauge railway line called [[Parenzana]] a.k.a. Trieste - Buje - Parenzo, connected [[Trieste]] (Italy) - Capodistria [[Koper]], Isola d'Istria [[Izola]] ([[Slovenia]]) - Parenzo [[Poreč]] ([[Croatia]]) (dismantled).
 
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==== Serbia ====
{{Main|Vận tải đường sắt tại Serbia}}
[[Image:Sarganska osmica 1.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Šargan Eight]] in [[Mokra Gora]], [[Zlatibor]] ([[Serbia]])]]
The narrow gauge railway line in [[Mokra Gora]] on the northern slopes of mountain [[Zlatibor]] in [[Serbia]] climbs a 300 metre ascent using an unusual loop in the form of the figure [[8 (number)|8]] – the popular "[[Šargan Eight]]".
 
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==== Spain ====
{{Main|Vận tải đường sắt tại Spain}}
[[Image:FEVE 3800 in Muros de Nalón.jpg|thumb|left|Electric unit 3500, operated by FEVE, arriving to the Muros de Nalón station, on the way to Oviedo]][[Image:Euskotranabandoibarra.jpg|thumb|left|[[EuskoTran]] (BasqueTram) in [[Bilbao]]]]
In Spain there is an extensive system of {{RailGauge|1m}} gauge railways, in the north of the country, operated by [[FEVE]] (Ferrocarriles Españoles de Vía Estrecha, Spanish narrow gauge railways) and [[EuskoTren]] (Eusko Trenbideak, Basque Railways). At the centre of this system is a metre gauge line which runs for {{convert|650|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} along the entire length of Spain's north coast. FEVE and EuskoTren form the longest narrow gauge network in Europe.
Also near Madrid, on the mountain range of Guadarrama runs a mountain train through a short but extremely sinuous track, operated by [[Renfe]]. Separate [[metre gauge]] railways are operated by the [[Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya|FGC]] (Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalan regional government railways) from [[Barcelona]] to [[Manresa]] and [[Igualada]], the [[Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana|FGV]] (Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana, Valencian regional government railways) around the city of [[Valencia (city in Spain)|Valencia]], as well as along the [[Costa Blanca]] from [[Alicante]] to [[Denia]], and the [[Serveis Ferroviaris de Mallorca|SFM]] (Serveis Ferroviaris de Mallorca) on the island of [[Majorca]]. Also on the island of Majorca, the [[Ferrocarril de Sóller|FS]] (Ferrocarril de Sóller) operates a {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge electrified railway and connecting tramway.
Also the [[Euskotran]] in [[Bilbao]], which is ''not'' a "[[light rail]]", is unusual in new tramway and light rail systems opened in the last twenty-five years in having adopted [[metre gauge]]. [[EuskoTran]] is part of [[EuskoTren]], the Basque regional government rail company. This company also owns several bus lines.
[[Metro Bilbao]] started in 1995 on [[EuskoTren]] track and has a metre gauge.
 
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==== Sweden ====
{{main|Vận tải đường sắt tại Sweden}}
[[Image:Roslagsbanan.JPG|thumb|left|The Roslagsbanan railway, Stockholm]]
Sweden once had some fairly extensive narrow gauge networks, but most narrow gauge railways are now closed. Some were converted to standard gauge (the latest one the line between [[Berga, Sweden|Berga]] and [[Kalmar]] in the 1970s) and some remains as heritage railways. The most common narrow gauge, {{RailGauge|891}} (3 Swedish feet), existed only in Sweden. A smaller {{RailGauge|42}} gauge network existed, and {{RailGauge|600mm}} gauge was used mostly by smaller, industrial railways.
 
The only commercial narrow gauge railway left is the [[Roslagsbanan]] suburban railway in north-eastern [[Stockholm]] ({{RailGauge|891|disp=s}} gauge). A branch line, the ''Långängsbanan'', was built and run for some years as an isolated [[standard gauge]] tramway in anticipation of a planned conversion of the main line to raise its capacity, but those plans came to naught and the branch was [[Gauge conversion|rebuilt]] to narrow gauge; it is now closed.
 
The longest other remaining narrow gauge railway is the {{RailGauge|891}} line between [[Åseda]], [[Hultsfred]] and [[Västervik]]. 70&nbsp;km between Hultsfred and Västervik as well as the shorter sections between Virserum-Hjortöström and Åseda-Hultanäs are served by tourist trains in the summer, including 4&nbsp;km of [[dual gauge]] track.
 
Sweden also had the unique {{RailGauge|1093mm}} gauge [[Köping-Uttersberg-Riddarhyttan Railway]]. Still other but lesser used gauges in the country were {{RailGauge|802}}, {{RailGauge|1188mm}} and {{RailGauge|1217mm}}.
 
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==== Switzerland ====
[[Image:Waldenburgerbahn.jpg|thumb|left|A train at Bad Bubendorf station on the {{RailGauge|750}} gauge [[Waldenburgerbahn]] between [[Liestal]] and [[Waldenburg, Switzerland|Waldenburg]] in Switzerland <ref>[http://www.waldenburgerbahn.ch/ Qaldenburgerbahn]</ref>.]]
Switzerland boasts extensive networks of {{RailGauge|1000}} [[metre gauge]] railways, many of which interchange traffic (most prominent is the [[RhB|Rhaetian Railway]]). They are concentrated in the more heavily [[mountain]]ous areas. The [[Jungfraubahn]] terminates at the highest station in Europe. [[Dual gauge]] (combined metre- and [[standard gauge]] [[Rail tracks|trackway]]) also exists in many areas. Also, nearly all street [[tram]]ways in Switzerland were and still are also metre gauge.
 
{{See|Vận tải đường sắt tại Switzerland}}
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==== United Kingdom ====
{{Main|British narrow gauge railways}}
[[Image:Welsh_Highland_Railway_train_leaving_Caernarfon.jpg|thumb|left|A train on the [[Welsh Highland Railway]].]]
[[Image:Ffestiniog DLG BF.JPG|thumb|left|[[Double Fairlie]] locomotive ''David Lloyd George'' on the [[Ffestiniog Railway]].]]
The United Kingdom once had a large number of narrow gauge railways which were mostly isolated from each other. The first locomotive-hauled railway in the world was the narrow gauge [[Penydarren|Penydarren Tramway]] in south Wales. Most of the lines were originally built to haul minerals or agricultural products over short distances, though many also carried passengers. The longest passenger line was the combined [[Welsh Highland Railway|Welsh Highland]] and [[Ffestiniog railway]]s at {{convert|36|mi|km|0|disp=/}}.
 
Only a few of these lines survive as commercial [[common carrier]]s. The great majority of the remaining narrow gauge lines operate purely as [[Heritage railway|tourist attractions]], and a number of new narrow gauge tourist lines have been built in recent years. The sole passenger-carrying exception is the [[Glasgow Subway]], an underground [[rapid transit|metro]] line that operates on a {{RailGauge|48}} gauge. The [[Talyllyn Railway]] holds the distinction of being the first railway in the world of any gauge to be run entirely by volunteers. In addition a few private [[British industrial narrow gauge railways|industrial]] narrow gauge railways remain, mainly serving the coal and peat extraction industries.
 
Amongst the most well-known narrow gauge lines in Britain are the [[Ffestiniog Railway|Ffestiniog]] - now the oldest independent railway company in the world - the [[Corris Railway|Corris]], the [[Vale of Rheidol Railway|Vale of Rheidol]], and the [[Welshpool & Llanfair Railway|Welshpool & Llanfair]] in Wales, and the [[Lynton and Barnstaple Railway|Lynton & Barnstaple]] and the [[Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway|Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch]], in England. Unique amongst British railways is the [[Rack railway|rack-and-pinion]] [[Snowdon Mountain Railway]] which climbs to just below the summit of Wales' highest peak.
 
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=== North America ===
==== Canada ====
{{Main|Narrow gauge railways in Canada}}
[[Image:Railwaystamp.jpg|thumb|left|Newfoundland [[Railway stamp]]]]
Although many railways of central and eastern Canada were initially built to a {{RailGauge|66}} ([[broad gauge]]), there were several railways, especially on Canada's Atlantic coast, which were built as individual narrow gauge lines.
 
The first public passenger carrying narrow gauge railways in North America were in Ontario, the [[Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway]] and the [[Toronto and Nipissing Railway]], opening in the summer of 1871. These {{RailGauge|42}} Ontario lines were over {{convert|300|mi|km|0}} in length, and both were built with the objective of connecting with a future Pacific railway. The [[New Brunswick Railway]] and the [[Lake Champlain and St. Lawrence Junction Railway]] of [[Quebec]] were built to the same gauge. All were acquired and converted to standard gauge in 1881 and eventually became part of the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]].
 
Construction of the {{RailGauge|42}} [[Prince Edward Island Railway]] began in 1871 and was completed by the Canadian government in 1874 as a condition for [[Prince Edward Island]] joining the [[Canadian Confederation]]. Construction on the {{RailGauge|42}} [[Newfoundland Railway]] took place between 1881 and 1898. It became part of the [[Canadian National Railways]] (CNR) when [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]] became part of Canada in 1949.
 
The {{RailGauge|36}} [[White Pass and Yukon Route]] which was completed in 1900 at the end of the [[Klondike gold rush]] is Canada's last remaining narrow gauge carrier. It no longer carries freight, but is the busiest [[Heritage railway|tourist railroad]] in North America. Its tracks connect to no other railroad but do connect to the cruise ship docks at [[Skagway, Alaska]], which provide it with most of its passengers
 
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==== Mexico ====
{{main|Rail transport in Mexico}}
Various {{RailGauge|3ft}} narrow gauge lines operated around Mexico City. A famous one operated in Morelos State. There were dozens of private narrow gauge lines built to service the mining district, and some {{RailGauge|2ft}} common carriers including the [[Córdoba and Huatusco Railroad]], [[Cazadero and San Pablo Railroad]], [[Hornos Railroad]], and [[Tacubaya Railroad]].
 
The [[Yucatán Peninsula]] region of Mexico has a network of narrow gauge lines, established before the region was linked by rail to the rest of Mexico in the 1950s. Only the main line connecting [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]] to central Mexico has been [[Gauge conversion|widened]] to [[standard gauge]].
 
==== United States ====
{{Main|Narrow gauge railroads in the United States}}
[[Image:ClassCShaySonoraJuly2006.jpg|thumb|left|Shay logging locomotive in California]]
[[Image:Cumbres_&_Toltec_train.jpg|thumb|left|A steam locomotive of the C&TS RR]]
Many narrow gauge railways were built in the United States. The most extensive and well known systems were the {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge lines through the [[Rocky Mountain]] states of [[Colorado]] and [[New Mexico]]. For a while the majority of the railway mileage in these states was narrow gauge.
 
In [[Maine]], a network of {{RailGauge|2ft}} gauge lines served the rural economy between the 1870s and 1940s.
Across the US, industrial narrow gauge railways were used, perhaps the best known being the {{convert|3|ft|mm|0|abbr=on}} gauge logging lines of the western states of [[Oregon]] and [[California]]. In [[Pennsylvania]], the {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge coal-hauling [[East Broad Top Railroad]] is the oldest surviving 3 foot gauge in the United States hauling excursion trains during the summer months.
 
Today a few lines survive as [[heritage railways]] and tourist attractions. [[USG Corporation]] operates an industrial {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge line at [[Plaster City, California]] and narrow gauge railways are still used for some tunneling and mining work. [[Tweetsie Railroad]] in western North Carolina still operates today as a family tourist attraction.
 
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=== Central America ===
====Costa Rica====
{{Main|Rail transport in Costa Rica}}
See also [[Transportation in Costa Rica#Railways|Railways in Costa Rica]]
 
Costa Rican railways are {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge and mostly {{RailGauge|3ft6in}} gauge.
 
====El Salvador====
{{Main|Rail transport in El Salvador}}
 
El Salvador ran {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge steam trains into the 1970s. How much of this survived a civil war, earthquake
and hurricane is unknown.
 
=====See also=====
* [[Transport in El Salvador#Railways|Railways in El Salvador]]
 
==== Guatemala ====
{{Main|Rail transport in Guatemala}}
* {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge, Ferrovías Guatemala<ref>[http://www.rrdc.com/op_guatemala_fvg.html Ferrovías Guatemala]</ref>
 
==== Haiti ====
[[Haiti]] has had two different gauges on [[Railways of Haiti|its railways]]. 130&nbsp;km of rural line between [[Port-au-Prince]], [[Saint-Marc]], and [[Verrettes]] (1905&ndash;about 1960s) used {{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge. [[Tram]]lines in [[Port-au-Prince]] (1878&ndash;1888 and 1896&ndash;1932), which was the first known track in [[Haiti]], and a total of 80&nbsp;km of rural line west to [[Léogâne]] and east to [[Manneville]] (1896&ndash;1950s(?)) used {{convert|3|ft|mm|0|abbr=on}} gauge.
Totalling over 100&nbsp;km of track, the plantation railways in the north and north-east most likely used {{RailGauge|2ft6in}}.
There were at least four separate isolated lines.
The story of the [[demise]] of one [[Rail transport in Haiti#History of Haitian railroads|Haitian railroad]] is that it was sold and physically picked up, and shipped to Asia during the [[Papa Doc]] period (approx. 1957&ndash;1971). Other gauges may have been used on the plantation tracks in the north and north-east of [[Haiti]]. The CIA fact book suggests that in the 1990s there were only 40&nbsp;km of abandoned track left(?).
[[Rail transport in Haiti#History of Haitian railroads|History of Haitian railways]].
 
====Panama====
{{Main|Rail transport in Panama}}
Mule Locos haul ships through the locks in the [[Panama Canal]] (Gauge???)
 
=====Xem thêm=====
* [[Vận tải tại Panama#Đường sắt|Vận tải Panama]]
 
=== Nam Mỹ ===
Metre and {{RailGauge|914}} gauge lines are found in South America. Some of the {{RailGauge|1m}}-gauge lines cross international borders, though not as efficiently as they might.
 
[[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]] and [[Chile]] have {{RailGauge|1}} gauge lines. [[Colombia]] and [[Peru]] have {{RailGauge|914}} gauge lines.
 
====Argentina====
[[Image:Tren Ecologico de la selva4.JPG|thumb|130px|right|The [[Rainforest Ecological Train]] in [[Argentina]]]]
{{See also|Rail transport in Argentina}}
{{RailGauge|1m}} railways are found in the northern half of the country. The ''[[Old Patagonian Express]]'' (''La Trochita'') is a 402&nbsp;km-long {{RailGauge|750}} narrow gauge railway in the [[Andes|Andean]] foothills of [[Patagonia]], now running as two portions of its original length. However, all the track is preserved. The [[Southern Fuegian Railway]] (''End of the World Train'') on a {{RailGauge|500mm}} track is considered the southernmost operating railway in the world. The [[Rainforest Ecological Train]] is a {{RailGauge|600mm}} environmentally-friendly train that runs through the forest inside [[Iguazú National Park]] in the north of the province of [[Misiones Province|Misiones]] of [[Argentina]] and there is also a coal railway, ''Red de Ferrocarril Industrial de Rio Turbio'', that operates between Rio Turbio and Rio Gallegos on {{RailGauge|750}} track gauge.
 
====Bolivia====
{{See also|Rail transport in Bolivia}}
All railways in Bolivia are {{RailGauge|1}} gauge.
 
====Brazil====
{{main|Rail transport in Brazil}}
[[Image:Campinas - Estação de Anhumas - turismo 006 - zoom.jpg|thumb|left|Anhumas station of the Campinas-SP]]
In Brazil, almost all the lines are {{RailGauge|1m}} gauge, with the exception of a few lines in the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso. Vale (ex-CVRD) also has a line with {{RailGauge|1600}} gauge lines once operated in Minas Gerais, centered around the city of São João del-Rey. This network at one time had over 770&nbsp;km of railway in operation, but only about 13&nbsp;km remain in operation as a steam powered [[Heritage railway|tourist railway]]. Other small narrow gauge lines include the Rio de Janeiro streetcar (Bonde de Santa Teresa), with approximately 13&nbsp;km of {{RailGauge|1100mm}} gauge, and a very short industial railway near Bertioga built to {{RailGauge|800mm}} gauge. A number of industrial (a {{RailGauge|24}} gauge Portland Cement line near São Paulo, for example) and agricultural (rubber plantations, sugar plantations, logging) railways also existed in Brazil in a number of narrow gauges, but few of those survive today.
 
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====Chile====
{{main|rail transport in Chile}}
[[Metre gauge]] railways are found in the northern half of the country. The [[Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia]] was originally built to {{RailGauge|2ft6in}} gauge, as were a number of mining and nitrate railways.
 
====Colombia====
{{main|rail transport in Colombia}}
Most of the railways in Colombia are {{RailGauge|914}} gauge.
 
====Ecuador====
{{main|rail transport in Ecuador}}
The railways in [[Ecuador]] are {{RailGauge|1067}} [[cape gauge]]. This is a famous route, the one that zig zags past the chilling canyon of the Devil's Nose. Floods, landslides and government neglect have put this operation in doubt, but they are working to restore the railway. The recently elected president [[Rafael Correa]] declared the state of emergency of the national railway. He has secured funding for a master plan to restore it to its previous glory. In the first phase of this plan, the Ecuadorian government will invest over US $283 million to completely repair the country's existing railway system and infrastructure, such as bridges, walls and stations. The government will also purchase new locomotives. A second phase seek the building of new railway lines to connect the country with Brazil and Venezuela. Currently two [[Baldwin Locomotive Works|Baldwin]] locomotives are ready to work, depending on track and traffic. There are also a number of diesel railbuses and some [[Alsthom]] diesel locomotives available.
 
The railway from Guayaquil to [[Quito]] featured in the 1983 [[BBC]] television series ''[[Great Little Railways]]''.
 
==== Peru ====
{{main|Rail transport in Peru}}
[[Image:Cusco-MachuPicchu Rails.jpg|thumb|left|The Cusco-Machu Picchu railway]]
The Cuzco-Quillibama line in Peru is {{RailGauge|914}} gauge. The other {{RailGauge|914}} narrow gauge line (Huancayo-Huancavelica) will be converted to standard gauge.
 
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==== Uruguay ====
{{main|rail transport in Uruguay}}
There were four big narrow gauge lines in Uruguay: Puerto del Sauce (now Juan Lacaze)-Terminal: {{RailGauge|914}}, (1901-1959), Piriapolis-Pan de Azucar: {{RailGauge|750}} (1903-1958), km 393-Arrozal 33: {{RailGauge|600mm}} and km 110-Cantera Burgueño: {{RailGauge|600}}. All were dismantled. There were also several quarry lines of {{RailGauge|600}} gauge, among them the famous INDARE sand line. Around 300 m of that sand line is preserved and also a lot of steam locomotives. One of those is in working order. Also, a new narrow gauge line, of around 1&nbsp;km, with two diesel locomotives from the former km 110-Cantera Burgueño line, was constructed in a park on the town of Santiago Vazquez, in the West of Montevideo.
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=== Châu Á ===
 
[[Bangladesh]], Ấn Độ, [[Pakistan]] và [[Sri Lanka]] được thừa hưởng rất nhiều khổ đường sắt, một số trong đó là khổ {{RailGauge|1}}. [[Indian Railways]] đã thông qua '''[[Dự án đơn khổ]]''', tìm cách chuyển đổi một cách có hệ thống hầu hết các tuyến đường khổ hẹp của họ về khổ {{RailGauge|66}}.
 
Hàng 601 ⟶ 405:
==== Trung Đông ====
Cho tới năm 1932 có một đoàn tàu khổ hẹp chạy từ Cairo tới Palestine, Liban, Syria, Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ, BA Tư (sau này là Iran) và Iraq. Tuyến đường và các ga chủ yếu là các địa điểm du lịch, với một số đoạn đã được sửa chữa và hoạt động như những điểm thu hút du khách. Đoàn tàu nổi tiếng vì tốc độ chậm, và không thể chạy lên đồi.
 
====Thái Lan====
{{main|rail transport in Thái Lan}}
[[Image:TahiLand RailWay002.JPG|thumb|left|SRT Alsthom-built [[metre gauge]] locomotive]]
While the Northern Line was originally build as {{RailGauge|sg}} standard gauge, the line was [[Gauge conversion|regauged]] after 1919 and the [[State Railway of Thái Lan]] now operates entirely on {{RailGauge|1m}} gauge, including international through services to Malaysia ans Lao. However, standard gauge is used by the [[Bangkok Skytrain]] and the [[Bangkok Metro]] and the new [[Bangkok airport link]] due to be open in August 2009.
 
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=== Châu Phi ===
Hàng 689 ⟶ 486:
 
== Xem thêm ==
 
{{multicol}}
* [[Đường sắt khổ rộng]]
Lấy từ “https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Đường_sắt_khổ_hẹp”